New materials regarding research in the fields of architecture and urban construction are being presented. The authors also focus on the history of the creation of little-known buildings of interest, on the development of local architectural traditions, on new attributions, and introduce recently discovered archive materials. A number of papers are dedicated to the issues of architectural and urban planning development of historical towns and cities or study the formation of architectural ensembles. The edition also includes papers that are devoted to theoretical historical-architectural problems, to biographies of architects, or analyze artistic approaches and concepts.
Issue 70
T. A. Slavina.
Classics and Avant-Garde
The article challenges the customary view, according to which a number of outstanding Soviet buildings constructed in the 1920s — early 1930s have been attributed as “constructivist”. The argument is based on the statements from the activity theory and on the analysis of the buildings by I. Fomin, N. Trotsky, V. Shchuko and V. Gelfreich. Avant-garde is considered a deviation in the domestic architectural process.
Keywords:
Soviet architecture, 1920s — early 1930s, Soviet classics, Avant-Garde, creative method.
Slavina Tatiana Andreevna,
Dr. habil. of architecture, RAASN academician, St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, visiting professor; Scientific Research Institute of the Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning (branch of the Central Institute for Research and Design of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation), chief research fellow.
E-mail: slavina.t@list.ru
References
1. Dal’ V. I. Tolkovyi slovar’ zhivogo velikorusskogo iazyka, vol. 1, reprint. Moscow, 1989.
2. Otchet o deiatel’nosti Imperatorskogo S.-Peterburgskogo obshchestva arkhitektorov za 1907 god. Zodchii, 1908, no 30, pp. 273–276.
3. Postanovlenie TSK VKP(b) ot 16 maia 1930 goda “O rabote po perestroike byta”.
4. Balandin S. N. Arkhitekturnaia teoriia El’ Lisitskogo. Arkhitektura i proektirovanie, Novosibirsk, [2015], available at: http://arx.novosibdom.ru/node/399.
5. Barkhin M. G. Metod raboty zodchego. Iz opyta sovetskoi arkhitektury, 1917–1957 gg. Moscow, 1981.
6. Benua A. N. O novom stile. Aleksandr Benua razmyshliaet, Moscow, 1968, pp. 125–132.
7. Bykova G. D. Andrei Ol’. Leningrad, 1976.
8. Gesse G. Igra v biser. Moscow, 1969.
9. Ginzburg M. Ia. 1927. Itogi i perspektivy SA. Sovremennaia arkhitektura, no 4/5, pp. 112–118.
10. Ginzburg M. Ia., Barkhin M. G. (ed.). Novye metody arkhitekturnogo myshleniia. Mastera sovetskoi arkhitektury ob arkhitekture, vol. 2, Moscow, 1975, pp. 300–304.
11. Ginzburg M. Ia., Barkhin M. G. (ed.). Stil’ i epokha. Mastera sovetskoi arkhitektury ob arkhitekture, vol. 2, Moscow, 1975, pp. 279–299.
12. Glazychev V. L. Evoliutsiia tvorchestva v arkhitekture. Moscow, 1986.
13. Ikonnikov A. V. Istorizm v arkhitekture. Moscow, 1997.
14. Ikonnikov A. V. Tysiacha let russkoi arkhitektury. Razvitie traditsii. Moscow, 1990.
15. Isachenko V. G., Ol’ G. A. Fedor Lidval’. Leningrad, 1987.
16. Grabar’ I. E. (ed.). Istoriia russkogo iskusstva: in 13 vols., vol. 11. Moscow, 1957.
17. Kagan M. S. Chelovecheskaia deiatelnost’. Opyt sistemnogo analiza. Moscow, 1974.
18. Kazus’ I. A. Sovetskaia arkhitektura 1920-kh godov. Organizatsiia arkhitekturnogo proektirovaniia. Moscow, 2009.
19. Strigalev A. A., Kokkinaki I. V. (comps.). Konstantin Stepanovich Mel’nikov. Arkhitektura moei zhizni. Tvorcheskaia kontseptsiia Tvorcheskaia praktika. Moscow, 1985.
20. Krasovskii A. K. Grazhdanskaia arkhitektura. Chasti zdanii. Saint-Petersburg, 1851.
21. Lisovskii V. G. Akademiia khudozhestv. Leningrad, 1982.
22. Lunacharskii A. V. 1966. Ob otdele izobrazitel’nykh iskusstv. Novyi mir, no 9, pp. 236–239.
23. Malevich K. Ot kubizma i futurizma k suprematizmu, 3rd ed. Moscow, 1916.
24. Ikonnikov A. V. (ed., comp.). Mastera arkhitektury ob arkhitekture. Moscow, 1972.
25. Barkhin M. G. (ed.). Mastera sovetskoi arkhitektury ob arkhitekture, vol. 1. Moscow, 1975.
26. Barkhin M. G. (ed.). Mastera sovetskoi arkhitektury ob arkhitekture, vol. 2. Moscow, 1975.
27. Mol’ A. Teoriia informatsii i esteticheskoe vospriiatie. Moscow, 1966.
28. Romanova V. N. 1978. Analiz protsessa priniatiia reshenii v formirovanii professional’noi deiatel’nosti operatora. Tekhnicheskaia estetika, no 12.
29. Sokolov N. B. A. V. Shchusev. Moscow, 1952.
30. Teatr im. Gor’kogo. Rostov-na-Donu. Arkhitektura i proektirovanie, Novosibirsk, [2015], available at: http://arx.novosibdom.ru/node/2491.
31. Trotskii L. D. Lunacharskii. Portrety revoliutsionerov, Moscow. 1991.
32. Simonov P. V. (ed.). Fiziologicheskie osobennosti polozhitel’nykh i otritsatel’nykh emotsii. Moscow, 1972.
33. Fomin I. A., Barkhin M. G. (ed.). Tvorcheskie puti sovetskoi arkhitektury i problema arkhitekturnogo nasledstva. 1933. Mastera sovetskoi arkhitektury ob arkhitekture, vol. 1, Moscow, 1975, pp. 129–132.
34. Khait V. L. Klassika — navsegda!? Problemy rossiiskoi arkhitekturnoi nauki, Moscow, 1999 pp. 54–57.
35. Khan-Magomedov S. O. Arkhitektura sovetskogo avangarda, vol. 1: Problemy formoobrazovaniia. Mastera i techeniia. Moscow, 1996.
36. Khmel’nitskii D. S. Zagadki Zholtovskogo. Materialy konferentsii MONUMENTALITA & MODERNITA, Saint-Petersburg, 2011, available at: http://old.kapitel-spb.ru/index.php/component/content/article/20-2011/82-2011-08-24-12-30-58.
37. Shchedrovitskii G. P. Ob iskhodnykh printsipakh analiza problemy obucheniia i razvitiia v ramkakh teorii deiatel’nosti. Obuchenie i razvitie. Materialy k simpoziumu APN, Moscow, 1966, pp. 89–119.
38. Etkind M. G. Aleksandr Nikolaevich Benua. Leningrad; Moscow, 1965.