New materials regarding research in the fields of architecture and urban construction are being presented. The authors also focus on the history of the creation of little-known buildings of interest, on the development of local architectural traditions, on new attributions, and introduce recently discovered archive materials. A number of papers are dedicated to the issues of architectural and urban planning development of historical towns and cities or study the formation of architectural ensembles. The edition also includes papers that are devoted to theoretical historical-architectural problems, to biographies of architects, or analyze artistic approaches and concepts.
Issue 59 (2013)
S. V. Krylova.
Territorial Features regarding the Positioning of Churches in St. Petersburg and its Suburbs in the 18th – First Half of the 19th Century
This work studies ecclesiastical architecture not in the light of its architectural features or the character of volumes and planning, but approaches it as a single system of dominants, of visual and symbolical interrelations. The author looks at various types of environment, which strongly influenced the positioning of the churches, offering a classification based on different approaches to locating buildings, depending on the character of the former. For the first time the city and the surrounding districts (uyezd) are viewed as a single territory, so we can define the similarities and the differences of positioning churches in an urban environment (taking St. Petersburg as an example) and in the countryside (Peterhof and Schlisselburg Districts). The fundamental schemes of positioning churches, popular in the 18th – first half of the 19th century, are represented. After analyzing more than 400 constructions we can note a step-by-step process of the area getting more compact as the whole mass of church architecture begins to function as an orderly compositional system.
Keywords
Territorial positioning, churches, urban construction, visual interrelations, environment, composition.