New materials regarding research in the fields of architecture and urban construction are being presented. The authors also focus on the history of the creation of little-known buildings of interest, on the development of local architectural traditions, on new attributions, and introduce recently discovered archive materials. A number of papers are dedicated to the issues of architectural and urban planning development of historical towns and cities or study the formation of architectural ensembles. The edition also includes papers that are devoted to theoretical historical-architectural problems, to biographies of architects, or analyze artistic approaches and concepts.
Issue 61 (2014)
Alexander Sludniakov.
The Handwritten Journal “Rogachiov Partisans Fighting the German Invaders” as a Graphic Source for Studying Archaic Forms of Peasant Dwellings in the Forestland of Eastern Europe
The work studies the recently published handwritten journal, created in 1944 by the partisans of the Gomel Region. It contains some graphic materials, depicting archaic habitation, which is the least studied sphere of construction with regard to the culture of East European Peasants. Among these we can note a conical heated hut, an archaic log house with a vault-like top and a number of light summer constructions.
By comparing the depicted structures with their analogues, known from ethnographic materials in Siberia, North Eastern Europe and other Eurasian regions, the author focuses on the correspondences in the development of the traditional architecture of the East European forestland and comes up with a theory regarding the character of its evolution.
Keywords
Belorussia, Middle Dnieper Region, traditional architecture, peasant habitat, evolution of habitat, Eastern Slavs, Saami, Finno-Ugric Peoples, peoples of Eastern Siberia.
Sludniakov Alexander
Ph.D. in Art Studies, Saint Petersburg Institute of Arts and Restoration, Head of the Restoration Department.
E-mail: sludao@list.ru
References
1. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei (PSRL), vol. IV, i. 1: Novgorodskaia chetvertaia letopis’. Petrograd, 1915.
2. Alferova G. V. Kargopol’ i Kargopol’e. M., 1973.
3. Maikov L. N. O drevnei kul’ture zapadnykh finnov po dannym ikh iazyka. Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniia, vol. CXCIII (iiul’, piatoe desiatiletie). S.-Pb., 1877, pp. 155–198.
4. Belitser V. Mari [Cheremisy]. Primenitel’no k kollektsiiam Tsentral’nogo muzeia narodovedeniia (TsMN). M., 1928.
5. Blomkvist E. E. Krest’ianskie postroiki russkikh, ukraintsev i belorusov. Trudy Instituta etnografii im. N. N. Miklukho-Maklaia. Novaia seriia, vol. 31. M., 1956, pp. 3–460.
6. Gabe R. M. Karel’skoe dereviannoe zodchestvo. M., 1941.
7. Goshko Iu. G., Kishhuk T. P., Mogytych I. R. et al. Narodna arhitektura ukrains’kyh Karpat. Kyiv, 1987.
8. E. K. 1866. Istoriko-statisticheskie zametki o raznykh chastiakh Kadnikovskogo uezda. Vologodskie gubernskie vedomosti, no 16, pp. 138–150.
9. Narody Rossii. Zhivopisnyi Al’bom, i. 2. S.-Pb., 1878.
10. Zavoiko K. Vremennye zhilishcha krest’ian (Kostromskoi i chast’iu Vladimirskoi gub.). Trudy Kostromskogo nauchnogo obshchestva po izucheniiu mestnogo kraia, i. 15, Kostroma, 1920, pp. 127–133.
11. Kriukova T. A. Material’naia kul’tura mariitsev XIX v. Yoshkar-Ola, 1956.
12. Minorskii P. Okhota na chuchela. Schast’e okhotnika. Arkhiv Russkogo geograficheskogo obshchestva (ARGO), Ruk. 25, List No 1, No 17. 1880.
13. Minkh A. N. 1880. Atkarskii uezd. (Ocherk 1870 g., iz zapisok byvshego mirovogo posrednika). Saratovskie gubernskie vedomosti, no 75, pp. 2–3.
14. Novitskii Ia. P. S beregov Dnepra. Sbornik statei Ekaterinoslavskogo nauchnogo obshchestva po izucheniiu kraia, Yekaterinoslav, 1905, pp. 11–205.
15. Orfinskii V. P., Grishina I. E. Prosteishie dereviannye postroiki kak istochnik dlia izucheniia krest’ianskogo zhilishcha. Narodnoe zodchestvo, Petrozavodsk, 1992, pp. 19–31.
16. Ponomarev A. A. K kharakteristike Varnavinskogo uezda. Vrachebno-sanitarnyi obzor Kostromskoi gubernii, i. 7, Kostroma, 1911, pp. 13–35.
17. Popov A. A. Zhilishche. Istoriko-etnograficheskii atlas Sibiri, L., 1961, pp. 131–226.
18.Rudol’f E. O lesnom zadele, splave i prochikh lesnykh zarabotkakh v pomeshchich’ikh lesakh Kostromskoi gubernii. Zhurnal ministerstva gosudarstvennykh imushchestv, vol. 5, no 4. S.-Pb., 1842, pp. 131–139.
19. Sverdlov S. M., Vorob’ev P. E. Rogachevskie partizany v bor’be s nemetskimi zakhvatchikami. Byt rogachevskikh partizan. S. l., 1944.
20. Sergachev S. A. Belorusskoe narodnoe zodchestvo. Minsk, 1992.
21. Sludniakov A. O. 2008. Al’bom Anatoliia Demidova kak istochnik dlia izucheniia dereviannogo zodchestva Rossii pervoi poloviny XIX veka. Arkhitekturnoe nasledstvo, i. 49, pp. 223–233.
22. Solov’ev K. A. Zhilishche krest’ian Dmitrovskogo kraia. Trudy muzeia Dmitrovskogo kraia, i. 6, Dmitrov, 1930.
23. Startsev A. F. Material’naia kul’tura udegeitsev. Vtoraia polovina XIX–XX v. Vladivostok, 1996.
24. Tikhaze K. I. Narodnoe zodchestvo Estonii. L., 1964.
25. Kharuzin N. N. Ocherk istorii razvitiia zhilishcha u finnov. M., 1895.
26. Shennikov A. A. O znachenii termina «vezha». Kul’tura srednevekovoi Rusi, L., 1974, pp. 73–75.
27. Shennikov A. A. Ustroistvo i naznachenie povarni. Doklady otdelenii i komissii Geograficheskogo obshchestva SSSR, L., 1970, pp. 111–126.
28. Bielenstein A. J. G. Die Holzbauten und Holzgeräte der Letten. Ein Beitrag zur Ethnographie Culturgeschichte und Archaeologie der Völker Russlands im Westgebiet, vol. 2: Die Holzbauten der Letten. S.-Pb., 1907, S. 157.
29. Durand M. A. Le Voyage Pittoresque et Archeologique en Russia executé en 1839 sous la Direction de M. Anatole de Demidoff. Paris.
30. Eivind R. Finnish legends for English children. London, 1893.
31. Heikel A. Die Gebaude der Ceremissen, Mordwinen, Esten und Finnen. Helsingfors, 1888.
32. Minkevicus I., Seselgis K. Lietuviu liacolies architektura. II. Vilnius, 1968.
33. Nilsson A. Skansens Kulturhistoriska afdelning. Skansens vägvisare, vol. I. Stokholm, 1905.
34. Vorren Ø., Manker E. Lapp life and customs. London; New York, 1962, р. 184.
35. Vuorela T. Suomalainen kansankulttuuri. Porvoo; Helsinki; Juva, 1975, s. 776.